Writing Types Essays (651 words) - Writing, Prewriting, Outline

Writing Types Despite all of the increasing technological advances, writing is still a main form of communication. Beginning in grammar school and continuing through high school and college, thousands of students spend hours preparing essays for class. The majority of students usually begin drafting those essays merely by staring at a blank sheet of paper and contemplating what to write. However, writing essays can be simplified by using four types of prewriting: free writing, clustering, specifying, and outlining. The first type of prewriting is free writing. It is used to help writers select a topic to write about. The key to free writing is to disregard correct spelling and punctuation, and just write down everything that comes to mind. To begin free writing, simply choose a subject and start writing about it. Take nature, for example. The word"nature" evokes many diverse images. Ranging from outside surroundings, personal relationships with nature, the beach, a beautiful sunset, a peaceful waterfall, or even the many environmental concerns that we are faced with today. Environmental concerns could stem out an excellent idea that could lead to a topic such as the need to recycle. Images of nature can inspire creativity, which leads to a variety of different topics. The next type of prewriting is clustering. Once a topic has been selected, clustering helps to accumulate the essential support for the paper. Clustering begins with a sheet of paper that has only one topic written and circled in the center. Anything that relates to the topic is then written down with a line branching off from the original topic. This process is continued until enough information is brainstormed. If the original topic is movies, the support branches would include different types of movies such as comedy, drama, romance, action, and horror. Then a list of different movies that fall into each one of these categories extends out from the first support branches. A paper is not complete without ample support, and clustering is a great way to gather it. Another type of prewriting is specifying. It is used to change a topic idea to a more specific thesis statement. Simple questions such as who, what, where, when, and why will add more description and detail to the writing. To specify, the topic idea is written down on paper and simple questions are asked to make it more specific. For instance, the topic "Camping is exciting" can be specified into a more descriptive sentence such as: "Many new and different experiences such as hiking, cooking over an open flame, and sleeping under the night sky are fun to experience when camping in the mountains with friends." The thesis is the most important aspect of an essay, and specifying helps develop a strong thesis statement to be supported throughout the paper. All papers must be organized in a logical order, and outlining is used precisely for this. For example, a process essay tells the steps of how to do something, so chronological order is the best way to organize this type of essay. An outline places the thesis on top and then presents the framework of the essay. The outline for a process essay about how to cook a grilled cheese sandwich would designate the introduction, as Roman numeral one, and then a consecutive Roman numeral for each step of the process. For example, heating the skillet would be Roman numeral two, and gathering the ingredients would be Roman numeral three, and so on. A final Roman numeral would designate the conclusion. Writing will always be a main form of communication. Therefore, students throughout their years of school will still have to compose numerous essays. However, writing those essays can be simplified through prewriting. With the increase in technology, there is an increase in communication. Through Telephones, fax machines, computers, e-mail, and the Internet, communication is made much easier and is used worldwide by many people. However, for students, writing papers will always remain. Although computer assistance is available, papers will always have the need to be organized and thought out. Using free writing, clustering, specifying, and outlining to plan a paper will make writing essays much simpler, and will better ones performance as a writer.

Educational attainment Essays

Educational attainment Essays Educational attainment Essay Educational attainment Essay Interactionists focus on processes within the education system, which result in different levels of achievement. Interactionist sociologists have said that the interaction between the teacher and pupil will affect their attainment. This can be because some teachers tend to label their learners; these labels can be positive or negative with the positive labels meaning the pupils will succeed where as the negative labels meaning the pupils will be more likely to under achieve. Howard Becker writing in the 1960s said that teachers had an ideal pupil image, which was based on conduct, manners and the nature of attitude of the learner.Becker said that the academic ability of the learner could influence their interaction with the teacher, which could therefore determine their educational attainment. The teachers usually have an ideal image, however this image tends to be conformist, this has led to the self-fulfilling prophecy theory, where the teacher is the prophecy and the leaner is self-fulfillist, this results in the teacher labelling there learners with the working class usually being negative, the pupils then react to the label given and respond accordingly meaning the label has become true and the prophecy is fulfilled.However interactionists recognise that not all pupils will live up to their labels. Fuller writing in 1984 found that black girls in a comprehensive school resented their negative stereotypes of being both black and female. They felt that people expected them to fail so they tried to prove them wrong by devoting themselves to their work in order to achieve success. Fullers work avoids some of the pitfalls of deterministic versions of the labelling theory, which suggest that failure is inevitable for those with negative labels attached to them.The school organisation has been criticised with teachers interacting differently with different streams, especially since the middle classes are normally in the top stream and the working class in the lower stream. There is also said to be a culture clash between teachers and working class pupils as the teachers are normally middle class, which could all ultimately affect the childs educational achievement.Nell Keddie writing in the 1970s commented on the differentiation of an undifferentiated curriculum. Keddie felt that all streams should have the same information, something, which was not happening in schools at the time, she was writing. Keddie also felt that the curriculum was middle class orientated with the subjects, way of learning, the language and the more mental and abstract concepts, which would leave the working classes at a disadvantage.This meant that the middle class would possess the key to open the doors to success. We can see that the research of Douglas et al shows that various home background factors and experiences of cultural deprivation can account for attainment levels of the working class being lower than the middle class. It may be that those sociologists who emphasise the inside school factors are nearer in explaining the causes of a differential education system.

Stream process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Stream process - Essay Example The teacher decided to split us into three groups so that we could all take notes and come to a unanimous or different decision all together from our observations. Water moves in a straightforward line and it contains a very destructive force that enables it to create this path. We noticed that it was able to penetrate the sand in all accounts due to the large air spaces found between the particles. In addition, the water moved the sand over small distances where this is often referred to as displacement. However, the water did not move linear when there were obstacles in the course. It either cut deeper where the material was too strong such as rocks also changed the entire direction of flow where the material was completely impermeable forming features such as meanders (John 67). Protecting the rivers is a taxing activity that is very challenging to those who decide to undertake the exercise. A revitalizing and restoring community waterfront makes the rivers focal points for the municipalities and ensures minimal wastage of water. It is important to modify irrigation systems, intake systems, canals and dams to guarantee safe fish route and the protection of ingoing stream flows. Looking at the effects of climate to rivers, it is noticeable to conclude that high temperatures lower the volumes of water in rivers and this might lead to the river drying up. In comparison, the rainy season overloads the rivers making them flood areas and this might alter the normal flow of the water (John